Resource Conservation and Recovery Act Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Asset Conservation and Recovery Act - Essay Example 2008). Wellstar produces xylophine, a stimulant medication. The organization had been gotten to as of late by ‘Pollution Control Agency’ and the outcomes would in general meet the state prerequisite. This is a decent perspective according to natural protection. This viewpoint demonstrates a reality that the organization doesn't represent any dangers to the indigenous individuals around it. An ongoing access of the organization demonstrated that Wellstar produces 500kilograms of nickel impetus as creation resultant squanders every month. The organization has an approach of forestalling the affidavit of the impetus item into the climate yet obviously, the nickel substances end up into the dirt coming about to the murdering of vegetation in the area. Nickel doesn't immediaty affect human contamination nonetheless; it gathers in the dirt just as oceanic plants and creatures, for example, fish. A high grouping of nickel prompts arrangement of compound as it is exceptionally responsive with different gases in the environment. These mixes are cancer-causing and for the most part result to lung malignancy disease. These idea violets Resource Conservation and Recovery Act 40CFR section 268, which gives guideline of waste removal in this way disallowing the removal of risky waste ashore without earlier treatment. Over the top nickel in plants likewise influences their development in this manner prompting statured development in plant. This declines the creation level of homesteads produce just as crude materials for creation and assembling enterprises. Minnesota is a main Agricultural state in the United State of America and in this manner the resultant impacts of the natural contamination presented by Wellstar Company may thus influenc e neighboring states negative effects on the financial frameworks of these states. Low creation of homestead items may prompt the ascent of food costs in the market. The old Waste Management act

Philosophy Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words - 23

Reasoning - Essay Example These strategies constrained the captives to receive endurance strategies of living, strengthening the convictions of white individuals that modest work was all the slaves were equipped for †higher idea was unmistakably past the limit of their increasingly crude minds. Exacerbating things, this cultural demeanor was fruitful in persuading a considerable lot of the slaves that these presumptions were right. Demonstrating this was not the situation, however, was Frederick Douglass. A got away from slave from Maryland, he was the principal dark man to show up on a presidential ticket in America. Douglass recounted to the world his story uncovering in the process how proficiency transformed him profoundly to change him from a masterless slave to a freethinking person. These thoughts are likewise uncovered in his initial story Frederick Douglass: Life of an American Slave. In spite of the fact that his definite birth date is obscure, Douglass accepted he was conceived at some point in February of 1818. He kicked the bucket on February 20, 1895. Today’s normal recognition is that bondage, in any event the merciless type of it, was kept for the most part in the south on the enormous ranches yet Douglass saw numerous fierce beatings on his master’s Maryland ranch where he lived for his initial seven years. As a youngster, he was frequently required to persevere through cold and appetite in light of the fact that the ace kept the majority of the slave-created items, including food and fuel, for his own solace and prosperity. Typically an exceptionally horrendous accident for a kid, when 7-year-old Douglass’ mother passed on, he felt basically no anguish. â€Å"Never having appreciated, to any significant degree, her alleviating nearness, her delicate and vigilant consideration, I got the greetings of [my mother’s] passing with much similar feelings I ought to have most likely felt at the demise of a stranger† (Ch. 1). The significant exercise Douglass attempts to pass on in these early parts is the manner by which the slave is made from birth. He is isolated from his family to decimate any regular human sentiments of

The Swing of Things

The Swing of Things If you had asked me what I thought college life would be like back when I was in high school, I would have said something like “prolly pretty busy right?” Poor me. I had NO IDEA. Let’s run this through. I present to you my schedule from this week: Highlight Reel: Monday: Nothing actually happened on Monday, which makes it the most normal day this week. Tuesday: I did have a lot of white space on Tuesday, but I also went to the Society of Women Engineers event as well as the HackMIT Git seminar. (Free dinner: achieved. Pepper Sky is SO GOOD) Wednesday: Wednesday was a LOT. Fortunately, I now know how to make a website, something that I never actually knew how to do before. Also, the resume workshop was filled with some very kind and helpful company reps and upperclassmen and, as it happened, was also filled with Chipotle. (Free dinner: achieved) Thursday: One of Petey’s former students came in to give a talk about his work at Buzzfeed, and it was actually really cool. Apparently, “there are a lot of numbers involved, in spite of writing memes all day”. After that, I wandered to another HackMIT event for the free food before heading off to get wrecked in quiz bowl practice. (Free dinner: achieved) The front slide of the presentation, co-starring a shiny Petey. Friday: WE GOT LIGHT SABERS AT THE ROGUE ONE SCREENING. LIKE, ACTUAL LIGHTSABERS. They don’t light up but they’re still pretty cool. Im planning on using it to practice saber fencing, my PE class this semester. Saturday: Basically, I went to HackMIT, got lunch for free, looted the treasure trove of free stuff from sponsors, and made a half hearted attempt at coding a meme generator with my partner before we both bailed to play pool. We probably could have actually pulled it off, but we had more important things to do in the evening. We went for Phantom of the Opera, aka MY FAVORITE MUSICAL EVER PSA: the Boston Opera House has a BUNCH of really awesome musicals coming up, including Hamilton next fall! Some of us followed up Phantom with the Reawakening at East Campus. If I had to sum it up in a single word, I would go with humid. Important things I learned from this week: 1. It is definitely possible to semi-survive on free food. Don’t believe anybody who tells you otherwise. 2. Stepping up my time management game is probably a good idea. The mind-bending schedule was probably due to the fact that it was both HackWeek (a series of events that HackMIT ran in preparation for the hackathon) and SWEet Week (the Society of Women Engineers club running a bunch of events), but it reminded me that I haven’t even started half my clubs or my UROP yet. This could be what EVERY week looks like from here on out. I don’t know whether to be enthused or afraid, but I definitely feel as if I have taken my first tiny sip from the firehose that is MIT. Hopefully Ill be ready when it hits me full force. Post Tagged #East Campus #HackMIT The swing of things It’s mid-October, which means that life at MIT is crazy right now. The semester is really underway now, so that means tests and psets and projects are all happening at once, and lots of people are pretty hosed. (Hosed= MIT slang for “really busy.”) Some other things are going on too. On Friday, I went to a MISTI-Spain information session. The MIT International Science and Technology Initiative helps students find ways to study abroad or take internships in a foreign country. I might be getting an internship in Spain this summer, and I am super psyched. (I still have to send in my resume, and I havent thought as far ahead as next week, let alone the summer. So its not a definite, but its something that Im seriously considering.) Like Jessie wrote about, the Task Force on the Undergraduate Educational Commons released its final report, recommending changes to the GIRs (General Institute Requirements) to President Hockfield. As Jessie so eloquently explains, MIT students really care about the direction of the Institute. So even if none of us will ever have to deal with the “First Year HASS Experience” (common humanities classes required for freshmen) recommended by the committee, plenty of us are pretty mad about it anyway and trying to keep it from happening. (You’re welcome. =P) This is causing some exciting discussion and controversy, which always spices up life a bit. This Thursday, the 2009 RingComm (Ring Committee) is holding a study break for members of the class of 2009 to provide feedback about what we want to see on our Brass Rat. The Brass Rat is a big chunk of metal MIT students and alums wear on their fingers as a way of screaming to the world, “HEY, I WENT TO MIT!” Each class has a distinctive design (see some previous designs here) crafted by a small committee of students. The unveiling of the Brass Rat (at an event called Ring Premiere) and the delivery of the actual rings are pretty big milestones of your four years at MIT, so I’m excited already. This Friday the FIRST mentors are taking a trip to the high school we work with to recruit new students for the FIRST team. Anything about FIRST also makes me really excited. =P In more personal news, my acting class is finally starting to make sense! (The beginning of the semester was a little too…abstract for me, shall we say.) We haven’t done much acting per se, but we do all these activities breaking down our motions to expand our physical imagination. In other words, we’re constantly experimenting with different ways to use our bodies in relation with other actors, props, the setting (chairs, the floor, the walls), different ways to sit or stand or walk, and so on. The idea is to explore plenty of different ways to use your body itself to express fear, happiness, anxiety, whatever. One of the humanities requirements (which may only change in the details due to the aforementioned possible GIR changes) is that you choose something to concentrate in, so you develop a deeper understanding of one subject. I’m thinking I might concentrate in theater, because that would be really fun. Plus, you can use 9 units of theater practicum (working with one of the student drama groups in a production) as one of your classes, which I think is super cool. Not only that, but I have to make another appointment with my advisor to go over my curriculum plan. Since I’m 2A (the “flexible” mechanical engineering track), I need to submit a plan for the requirements and electives I plan to take. It needs to be approved by a specific faculty member in Course 2 in charge of the 2A department so they can verify that I’m actually doing something productive and cohesive with my extra electives. Yikes! I’m sure you guys are equally busy with school, activities and especially…..dun dun dun….college apps. I feel you, it can be a stressful time. Which is why, for the next couple of weeks I’ll be giving you my unsolicited unofficial college application advice. So stay tuned! Responses to comments: Amy asked: Is it acceptable to use abbreviations for fairly standard academic achievements/activities? Eg AIME for American Invational Mathematics Examination, NMS for National Merit Scholarship, etc. Those sound okay as abbreviations. You should generally avoid anything even remotely obscure. Use your judgment, but when in doubt, spell it out. (Ha, that rhymes!) There’s never any harm in that. Chris said:: “Are you differentiable? Because I want to be tangent to all your curves.” Thats gotta be the greatest pick up line i have ever heard in my life AHHH too bad no high school girls will understand it (darn bad calculus teachers) OK, I totally knew what that meant in high school, and might I add, that when I gave my campaign speech when I ran for student body president, my campaign manager (also female) introduced me with a speech that consisted entirely of nerdy pick-up lines, beginning with that one. (“Vote for Laura Nicholson, because she’s so hot I want to take her derivative just so I could lay tangent to all her curves.”) True story. (OK, I went to a nerd high school. And lost the election. But still.) Kevin said: Hey Im a senior in high school this year, and Im considering applying to MIT. I was just wondering, 1) how difficult is the application process? 2) what does the admissions office look for in applications? and 3) how difficult is it once youre there? any general advice would also be appreciated. if someone could reply, that would be awesome, thank you! Yikes, vague questions! The admissions process isn’t any harder or easier than any other admissions process. In other words, it’s about as stressful as you make it. You have to take all the standard tests, fill out your name and birthdate about 300 times, list your activities, and write a few essays. Once you’re here, the work is hard. How hard is it? I don’t know, hard. =P You’re encouraged to work in groups, and problem sets are usually doable as long as you allot enough time and work with partners. But you will be challenged. As for your second question, stay tuned for my next entry, where I’ll discuss that in a lot more depth. (Also, Sandimelb: I did get your comment, but again, it will be addressed in my next entry!)

International Event Production Operations Management...

Highly skilled and experienced graduate with proven event management and marketing skills. Demonstrated the ability to take on higher levels of responsibility having successfully organised, planned and marketed National events and campaigns throughout Australia. †¢ Marketing Communications †¢ Digital Marketing, EDM etc †¢ Stakeholder Management †¢ Social Media Management Qualifications Education: †¢ National Event Production †¢ Operations Management †¢ Crisis Management †¢ Invoicing Purchasing †¢ Proficient Microsoft Office Skills †¢ Staff and Volunteer Management †¢ Digital Design †¢ Ad-Hoc Administration QUALIFICATIONS EDUCATION Other Accreditations: 2015 Responsible Conduct of Gambling 2015 Responsible Service of Alcohol 2014 TAB Basics Training Course 2009 Bar Skills PROFESSIONAL EXPERIENCE 2014 Graduate: Bachelor of Management In Event Leisure Industries at University of Technology Sydney 2009 Graduate: High School Certificate Brigidine College St Ives Popcorn X EVENT PRODUCER: The National Winter Festival - www.winterfestival.com.au Australia’s only National European Winter Festival based in the heart of each capital city. Reporting to the Operations Director: †¢ Contracted to October 2016 ï ¿ ¼Ã¯ ¿ ¼Ã¯ ¿ ¼Leading and developing all elements of ‘The National Winter Festival’ from initial brief and venue sourcing, production, ï ¿ ¼site mapping, lighting and sound, vendors, merchandise and all on-site logistics pre – post event. †¢ Executing all internal and external management objectivesShow MoreRelatedAn Empirical Analysis Of Supply Chain Risk Management1692 Words   |  7 Pagespaper titled â€Å"An empirical analysis of supply chain risk management in the German automotive industry† applied the practices of supply chain risk management by surveying sixty-seven manufacturing plants in German automotive industry. The need of real empirical research in supply chain risk management to help analyzing supply chain risk and test the previous research proposed instruments that can be applied for supply chain risk management was the motivation of this work. In this paper, the occurrenceRead MoreHow Has Globalization Impacted Water Scarcity?1257 Words   |  6 PagesSouthern Spain have already been affected by water scarcity issues. Water is critical for many businesses because all goods require water in their production. Companies are increasingly facing a physical shortage of water which, in turn, leads to new regulatory and reputational consequences. The world has to pay close attention to the fresh water crisis because if it doesn’t there will be many more problems than just shortages of drinking water. Both water and food supply are tightly connected. WithoutRead MoreBp Oil Spillage : British Petroleum Company1690 Words   |  7 PagesThe BP Oil Spillage British Petroleum Company (BP) is among the major international gas and oil companies in the world. It provides clients with energy for light and heat, fuel for transportation, lubricants, and other petrochemical products that are used in manufacturing various items. The company’s primary goal is to deliver value to its customers by utilizing its distinctive capabilities, managing the quality of its portfolio, and setting clear goals. However, an unprecedented explosion of BPRead MoreThe International Energy Agency Is A Paris Based Autonomous Intergovernmental Organization1512 Words   |  7 Pages The International Energy Agency is a Paris-based autonomous intergovernmental organization, an international energy forum under the Organization for Economic Development and Cooperation (OECD) . Established in 1974, the IEA was developed by major oil-consuming nations as a response to the 1973-74 oil crisis, initially designed to help the country members coordinate a collective response to major oil supply disruptions – a role that continues to be fulfilled to this very day. Over time the IEA hasRead MoreToyotas Future Appear Confused1309 Words   |  6 Pagesappear confused. 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In this essay, Nissan’s operation management functions will be discussed, in addition to the critical path method (CPM) and the program evaluation and review technique (PERT) and how these methods can be fused with the company’s project management. Nissan uses many operation management functions in their business, which includes: planningRead MorePlanning Case Application : Icelandic Volcano1379 Words   |  6 Pagesless flexible and poor business model and higher geographical exposure. An estimation of seven million passengers were left grounded without money for shelter, with the shutdowns’ effecting businesses and company production. Lastly, as managers lessons were learned from aviation’s crisis, addressing the risks of future eruptions, interruptions of air travel and investigating various ways to reduce the negative impacts in the future. 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Ambition the Key to Self-Destruction - 911 Words

Ambition: The key to self-destruction Ambition is normally seen as a positive quality in an individual, but it can in fact spiral out of control. In Shakespeare’s play Macbeth, readers witness this exact situation; ambition is what leads to Macbeth’s destruction. This trait can also be referred to as his hamartia. The dangerous growth of ambition begins when the witches present to him a prophecy, continues when Lady Macbeth pushes him until, finally, he has built up enough to drive himself to destruction. To begin with, the first instance in which ambition presents a danger is when Macbeth gets encouraged by the witches’ supernatural promises. After he hears the witches declare that he will be named Thane of Cawdor and â€Å"shalt†¦show more content†¦He still wants more and this is seen when he states, â€Å"Upon my head they placed a fruitless crown. And put a barren sceptre in my grip, thence to be wrenched with an unlineal hand. No son of mine succeeding (†¦)† (III. i. 62-65). It is seen here that Macbeth is not satisfied with what he has attained and still wants more: he wants to have sons that can take over being King after him. This is a perfect example of how ambition took over in him. At the end, Macduff recognises this. He gets revenge and puts an end to his thriftless ambition and tyranny by killing him. This is explicitly stated at the very end when he declares, â€Å"Behold where stands / The usurper’s cursà ¨d head. The time is free. † (V. ix. 21-22). If Macbeth had really let â€Å"chance have him king† (I. iii. 142) and â€Å"chance crown him, without his stir†(I. iii. 142-143), and kept his ambition at a healthier level, then the events would not have led to Macduff killing him. With all this in mind, one can clearly see that ambition is Macbeth’s tragic flaw that leads to his downfall. Beginning with the witches introducing him to the extent of his ambitions, continuing with Lady Macbeth’s encouragement, leading to Macbeth’s dangerous self-driven ambition, the story ends in his death. Ambition was his hamartia. It looks like ambition is not the key to all success after all. Work Cited Shakespeare, William.Show MoreRelatedWilliam Shakespeare s Macbeth And The Human Condition1292 Words   |  6 Pageshuman condition, the key characteristics and ideals that compose the essentials of human existence, in his works is a testimony to his own successes. Today, we will be looking at how the themes and concepts presented in Shakespeare’s Macbeth are able to transcend time and place, maintaining relevance in the 21st century, through his accurate representations of the human condition itself. 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His sensitivity to his feelings of insecurity which was played upon by the witches, how his manhood was attacked by Lady Macbeth, his drive for ambition and his fear of guilt greatly contributed to the destruction and transformation of Macbeth that lead him off course in the end. Macbeth’s desire for power plays a key role in the way he carry outs the most monstrous acts. Selfishly, Macbeth puts his own desires before the good of his country until he is reduced to a mere coveringRead MoreMacbeth As A Tragic Hero1685 Words   |  7 Pagesto their own ruin or destruction. Within Macbeth, Macbeth the character is regarded as a tragic hero, but wi th the distinct and evident explanation of his evil and the succession of his acts of violence, it may not be as clear cut as to whether he is a tragic hero or not. 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One of these tragic flaws includes Brutus’ ambition. Like for instance, when he joined the conspirators he Read MoreMacbeth Villain Analysis877 Words   |  4 Pagesend costing his own life. A tragic hero can be defined as a character who rises to power, fame, wealth, or something of the like, but makes a terrible judgement error or possesses a major flaw in their character that inevitably leads to their self destruction. Macbeth fits these standards with his performance in Macbeth because his evil desires and twisted ways of thinking caused him to believe that if he had the power of King, his life would be fulfilled; therefore, leading him to do whatever itRead MoreThe Film Crash, Directed By Paul Haggis974 Words   |  4 Pagessetting, and even the music. By the end of the movie, the audience is left with a feeling of hope and an ambition to examine its own thought and actions towards others. Even though critics argue that the film Crash is stereotypically racist, the film encourages America to see past the misbelief we have of each other because empathy and self-examination is the starting place for change and the destruction of society is based on one’s cho ices. Racism, prejudice and stereotyping, as the main themes of the

Life Cycle Costing Finding Free Essays

In management accounting, there are various costing methods applicable to use in practice. Some of practitioners are familiar with Job order costing, process costing and activity based costing. The key idea is to apply the right costing method in the right situation. We will write a custom essay sample on Life Cycle Costing Finding or any similar topic only for you Order Now Life cycle costing (LCC) offers another choice to the user. It is usually found in manufacturing, construction, software companies and product development. As we know, consumer and manager need to make decision on the cost of acquisition and cost of ongoing use of many different assets like equipment, motor vehicle, plant and other. As it seems, the key factor to influence the decision of acquisition on assets is the initial capital cost. In addition, the unrealized cost such as ongoing operation and maintenance cost should be considered before the decision making is made. Life cycle Costing is a process to determine the sum of all the costs related with an asset throughout its life which include acquisition, installation, operations, maintenance, renovation and disposal costs. For example, if the managers want to buy the motor vehicle for the purpose of company. They are needed to consider the whole life cycle costing such as their maintenance, their peration, their initial acquisition, and other factor which can give more information to decision maker to make the better decision. This report sets out to address what LCC, why LCC, when LCC, how LCC use on the manufacturing industry. The aim is to provide a clear understanding toward life cycle costing in theory and practise. FINDINGS 1 Life Cycle Costing Life cycle costing is estimates and accumulated costs over a product’s entire life cycle in order to determine whether the profits earned during the manufacturing phase will cover the cost incurred during during the pre- (upstream) and post- (downstream) stage. By understand on how to identifying the cost incurred during the different stage of product life cycle, it might help the manager to manage the total costs incurred throughout its life cycle. In addition, life cycle costing is also helps managements deeply understanding the cost consequences of developing and making a product and to identify area in which may cost reduction effective. The process of Live Cycle Costing involves: l. Assessing costs arising from an asset over its life cycle. Asset life cycle consist of various phase which are planning, acquisition, managing, distribution, and disposition. Though the asset life cycle, all the cost arising from each phase must be estimated at the earlier stage to facilitate in the cost reduction. The acquirer should consider all relevant cost because it is not only about the initial investment and acquisition cost, but all cost occurred over the anticipated life cycle of the assets. II. Evaluating alternative that have an effect on the cost of ownership. The comparisons of asset alternative whether it is at the concept or detailed design level should be evaluate in order to achieve better outcomes from the assets. Each alternative may have different pros and cons. Selecting unfriendly alternative may affect all the cost incurred during the period of ownership. Therefore, a thorough evaluation shall be made to avoid unwanted circumstances. For example, the mobile phone industry such as Nokia, Samsung, HTC and other is a fast moving product. Life cycles are short, mobile phone manufacturers spent lots of money on R;D and they have to recover these costs in a short period of time. This explains why newly released mobile phones are sold at such high prices. 1. 2) Reason for use Life Cycle Costing l. Comparison of asset alternatives to achieve better outcome from asset. Each asset lternatives should be evaluated so that it will assess the risk and benefit on every alternatives. A strategize development and implementation of plans and programs for the assets should be done to ensure that the assets operational objectives are achieved at optimum cost. II. Essential in determination of cost in the asset management process. It is important to identifying the cost in the asset management process whether the asset should be acquired, upgraded, maintained, or disposed of. It will serve a framework on how the asset will be acquired; planning for the upgrade and maintenance and disposal process will be managed. Ill. As managers’ tools in asset. An effective asset manager’ tools will help in delivering company objective effectively and efficiently. In addition, the manager’s tools will be helps by systematic tools like economic appraisal, financial appraisal, value management, risk management and demand management in weighing up the costs and benefits, risks, objective, revenues and expenditures. ‘V. Enables the decision maker to balance the performance, reliability, maintain abilities and other goals against life cycle costs. In order to achieve the outcomes that reflect performance, reliability and ability, the proper planning, allocation of ogether. . 3) It can be used in three stages Life cycle costing should be applied when there are three stages: l. The conceptual stage: This is the stage when the initial proposal for investments is being considered. It is to estimate the future cost and provision to be made over the life of the assets. For example, the different type and designs of machine to incre ase the sales production for the manufacturing industry. II. The acquisition stage. This is the stage where the supplier for the assets is being assessed. It is to assist in the selection of the most cost-effective option. Ill. The service stage. The stage of decision making on whether to maintain, improve or dispose of the assets. It is to improve the cost effectiveness of the production as well as to improve the specification of future assets. For example, when automotive manufacturing products their car product, they are improving their quality of car. So that to ensure the customer still keeps loyalty to buy their car for future. 1. 4) Estimate Life Cycle Costing The formula to calculate the life cycle costing: Life Cycle Costing = Capital Cost + Life Time Operating Cost + Life Time Maintenance Costs + Disposal Cost – Residual Value Product Life Cycle Phases Figure 1 illustrates the relationship between costs committed and costs incurred in the life cycle costing. It involves three stages of a product’s life cycle, the planning and design stage, the manufacturing stage and the service and distribution stage. Committed or locked-in costs are costs have not been incurred currently but that will be incurred in the future after the decision basis has been made. Costs are incurred when a resource is sacrificed or used. A system of costing is the record cost only had been done when they have been incurred. Furthermore, the costs that have been committed are difficult to be alter. The pattern of cost commitment and incurrence will vary based on the industry and specific product introduced. During the planning and design stage, the cost management can be most effectively exercised compared to the manufacturing stage when the product design and processes have already identified and costs have been committed. At the post sales service and distribution phase, its focus more on cost containment than cost management. 1. 4. 2) Life Cycle Costing Model The information should be obtained before selecting a model. This is to ensure that the analysis can be made. Evaluation should be made in considering the applicability f all cost factors, empirical relationship, constants, elements and variables. Life cycle costing model should: l. Represent the characteristic of the asset being analyzed. It includes the intended use environment, maintenance concept, operating and maintenance support scenarios and any constraints and limitations. II. Comprehensive to include and highlight the relevant factors to the Life Cycle Costing asset. Ill. Easy to understand in order to permit timely decision making, future updates and ‘V. Evaluate the specific Life Cycle Costing elements independently of other costing elements. 1. 4. ) Life Cycle Costing Breakdown into Asset Cost Some element need to be identified in Life Cycle Costing. This is because it requires the breakdown of the asset into its part of cost elements over time. The elements that should be considered are: l. Significant amount of cost that generate components of activity. II. Time in the life cycle when conducting the activity. Ill. Resources cost categories that relevant such as material, labor, overhead, transportation and others. 1. 4. 4) Benefits of Life Cycle Costing The benefits the manager can gain from Life cycle costing are: I. Planning and analysis of alternative solutions. It is to serve a framework to document and compare the alternatives to achieve significant cost benefits. Life cycle costing concept will give earlier actions to produce revenue or to lower costs. II. Selection of preferred alternatives. The decision maker can use the information for the selection process with the life cycle costing analysis. Better decision should follow from more realistic and accurate assessment of cost and revenue. Ill. Securing funding. The comparison between the alternatives that have different cash flow patterns over time is important. This is because there are corporate cash lows issues that need to be considered. Life cycle costing analyses provide a basis for projecting cash requirements. ‘V. Review. The life cycle costing can serve confirmation of the reliability of the life cycle costing model. Besides, the credibility of future life cycle costing plans can be achieved. . 4. 5) Life Cycle Costing Process Life cycle costing involves six stages which are: Stage 1: Plan Life Cycle Costing The documentation of the plan needs to be done at the beginning to serve a framework of life cycle costing. This plan must be review to ensure the plan has been interpret correctly and address clearly. Stage 2: Select or Develop Life Cycle Costing Model All relevant categories of cost that will happen in p hases of life cycle should be identified. Select a method for estimating the associated cost and develop the estimates. Stage 3: Apply Life Cycle Costing Model Life cycle costing model need to be validated and obtain the model results from each relevant combinations and support scenarios defined in the analysis plan. Stage 4 : Document and Review Life Cycle Costing Results The documentation of the results should be done to ensure the users understand clearly the results and affects of the analysis along with the constraints and Stage 5 : Prepare Life Cycle Costing Analysis Life cost analysis used to control and manage the ongoing costs of assets or part thereof. It involves review and development of the life cycle costing model asa cost control mechanism. Stage 6 : Implement and Monitor Life Cycle Costing Analysis Life cycle costing should have a continuous monitoring of the actual performance of an asset during its operations and maintenance and to provide feedback for future reference. 1. 4. 6) Application to industry For pharmaceutical products, the product life cycle is becoming shorter and shorter s new products keep being developed for the market demand purposes. It is not surprising that new drugs are being sold at very high prices. For example, drugs which are used to fght cancer in targeted therapy can cost a patient on average RM 20,000 to RM 200,000 per month. Again, the life cycle is short (or uncertain), and pharmaceutical companies need to pay back the initial costs in RD in a short period making high prices necessary. You can imagine how much the companies need to pay for a team of top tier scientists who have been working in the laboratory day and night for many years while developing the drug. Finally, as a short revision on life cycle costing, suppose a new cancer curing drug XXX is expected to have sales of 100,000,000 units in the coming 10 years. The selling price is targeted at RM 1,000 per unit. RD is RM 10,000,000,000, design cost is RM manufacturing cost RM marketing RM distribution costs another RM 100,000,000 and finally customer service RM 50,000,000. Find the life cycle profit for XXX as follow: RM Millions Sales Design Manufacturing Distribution Marketing Customer service Life cycle profit 1 oo,ooo (10,000) (500) (1000) (100) (50) 88,250 The life cycle profit is RM 88,250 million (or RM 88,250,000,000). It is for 10 years and thus on average every year the profit is RM 8,825 million which is quite normal for leading pharmaceutical companies. It can be seen that the total life cycle cost is RM 11,750 million and RM 10,000 million (or 85. 1%) spent on RD. Life Cycle Costing can be conclude as key asset management tool which takes into account the whole of life implication on the asset starting from the cost planning, acquiring, operation maintaining and disposing. It assist in analyse not only the cost of acquiring an asset but also the costs over an asset’s life like long-term operational nd maintenance costs. In addition, it will be the guidance on how long term strategic planning process, analysis, evaluation and decision making process towards the asset managements. The best expected outcome can be managed if all the relevant cost and benefits over life span of an asset is taking into account. Lastly to overall cost involve in owning, operating and maintaining an asset from the initial planning up till disposal. Thus, selecting the best alternative in order to minimize the possible cost incurred and maximizes the potential savings that can be made. How to cite Life Cycle Costing Finding, Essays

Psychological Warfare In The Cyber Realm â€Myassignmenthelp.Com

Question: Discuss About The Psychological Warfare In The Cyber Realm? Answer: Introduction In this modern digital world, Information technology is playing very vital role in providing comforts by easing the way of work. However, there is always a bright side and dark side of any beneficial aspect similarly, there are certain security risks related to the application of information technology. There are various types of risks related to the information security; this report focuses on the Ransomware attack, which can be remarked as the trending risk in this field. It is threat that cannot be pushed away completely, in fact it is changing and evolving day by day as the technology is developing. There are several approaches, opinions, methods, and actions that can help in addressing the risk related to the ransomware attacks; however in real world the reality is that it is not if an individual will be affected, but when. Background Cybercriminals are not those who are trying to steal someones mail from the mailbox or about putting skimmers on ATMs. Cybercriminals are getting more advanced than that, which means cybercriminals are using more sophisticated technology to get the access to someones personal data without any authority (Clough, 2015). Ransomware can be stated as a form of cyberattack, which is made to obtain the data related to an individual or an organization and in exchange gain payment. There are several ways to encrypt the file that is being used by many attackers, however the common or predominantly uses the AES algorithm (Corrigan, 2017). Ransomware is spreading by the means of distribution of malicious files that contains malicious virus. The very recent example of such attempt is WannaCryransomware attack, which was successfully attempted and affected many of the organizations in all over the world. This attack also damaged many systems that cause loss of several data and information of more than a million people (Mansfield-Devine, 2017). According to the U.S. Government interagency report, it can be said that there are almost 4,000 ransomware attacks are being made daily from since 2016 and estimated that these attacks have been increased by 300% as, it was reported in 2015 that the attack rate was 1,000 in 2015. These attacks are being assumed that will keep on increasing like this growth rate. Another report presented by McAfeeTM depicts that just one ransomware made $121 million in the last year (Carlin, 2015). Risks and Security Concerns of Ransomware Loss of money: In order to get access to own data an individual or an organization had to pay the ransom to the hackers for the decryption of encryption that they had put on the files through intrusion. Kirk ransomware is the latest example in which the ransom wase paid by the means of Monero (Karaffa, 2017). Loss of money and not any data recovery: This is the top most risk in any ransomware attack in which there are chances that the hackers will not provide the decryption for the files even after receiving money. For example in WannaCry ransomware cyber attack many of the victims had to pay the ransom whereas most of them do not receive any decryption for their corrupted files. Data compromised: Even after receiving the data there are chances the data has been already compromised means if hackers have the access to the data then they have also access to manipulate them by exposing, deleting or editing, which is a serious risk that can affect the proper functioning of the organization (Kharraz et al., 2015). Encouraging cybercriminals: If an individual pays the ransom to the hackers it will encourage to make later attempts, which will not only affect the same organization rather it will affect rest of the organizations in the world too (Pathak Nanded, 2016). These intrusions can lead the intruders to access the operational related files and the access for the users by encrypting those files with unbreakable encryption, which cannot be decrypted by own. Generally it encrypted all types of the files including videos, documents, images, audio files, game extensions and many more. Each computer that had been infected by the virus can act as a botnet itself and can be used to infect other computers who are at the same network as well (Lipovsky, 2014). Encrypting the files is not the only action that goes on at that moment, but it also extracts the sensitive data related to the individual including username, email address, password and many more and sends them to the cybercriminals, which can be used in further case by them. These all activities raise the concern of security for the computers where the data has been being saved by the individuals or the organizations. CryptoLocker is one of the virus that is being used for such cases from deca des and is also known as police virus. This uses engineering techniques in order to trick the users into running it (Cabaj Mazurczyk, 2016). Generally it is sent in the form of the zip file and looks similarly as the organization uses to send files and ask the individual of that organization to open it. After getting downloaded into the system it starts hiding itself into the system in the profile of the user under LocalAppData or AppData (Beede, 2012). It registers itself into the system as a register key and coding ensures that whenever the computer restarts, it also runs every time and once the encryption is complete a popup arises with the demand of the ransom. These are the risks that raise computer security concerns and need of the better security approaches in order to protect the data and information that could cause serious loss. Strategies for Addressing the Risks There are various strategies for addressing the risks that rise in ransomware cyber-attacks, which can be listed as: Social engineering: taking care of personal credentials related to the personal accounts and bewaring of phishing. An individual should not expose the credentials to random phone calls from outside of the network (Sitting Singh, 2016). Security Awareness Training: With the perceptive of the organizational assets protection, security awareness training can play a vital role in mitigating these threats. This program will focus on the role of the employees in the information security and will ensure that the individual user knows the new tricks, scams, and trends. The goal of this program should be that the employees get educated about the defensive mechanism of the organization (Andre, 2017). Physical Security: Care should be provided to the computers and the laptops in order to confirm that it does not goes in wrong hands or any unauthorized user who can take benefits for personal use by harming the organization (Mishra, 2017). Authentication: There are three ways to make the network more secured firstly, implementation of two factor authentication that will help in protecting the network by asking passwords or OTP whenever the user log into the system. Secondly, saving complex passwords for the user or using randomly generated passwords. A user should must not use general passwords like name, date of birth or else rather it should use at least one uppercase letter (capital letter), a lowercase letter (small letters), a number and a symbol (*,#,_,@,!) in the whole password with. These measures will help in creating a very strong password that will be very difficult for the intruders to hack the password (Sawler, 2016). Password manager software can also be helpful for this purpose and will manage the passwords that have been used for different websites or servers by the user and allow to access with only one password. User Access Control: Limiting the internet usage for organizational work only and allowing access to websites that might infect the system like social media, gaming, online shopping, chatting and many more (Malhotra, 2015). Leverage tools are another option to manage the blocking website access. Anti-virus and Anti-Malware solutions: There should be always firewall and a supporting anti-virus into the system that can detect if any malicious file is being accessed or manipulating the program of the computer and ensures that it is deleted completely from the system (Piggin, 2016). There are various anti-virus are present in the market and individual should not just buy any one of them, proper research should be made before buying the anti-virus. Both firewall and anti-virus should be updated with the new version. Backup Solution: It is a very important activity towards tackling from the ransomware to always keep backup of the data and keep checking whether the system is working or not accordingly. Keeping backup at a goggle drive is not a very good idea rather the organization should have a application-to cloud service, or cloud-to-cloud service, or an on-premise storage unit like hard disks, SAN, drives, tapes and many more (Cook, 2017). System Maintenance: Many of the vulnerabilities occur due to the improper maintenance of the systems that are being used in the organization for saving data related to the operational activities. Conclusion Based on the above report it can be concluded that ransomware is a serious issue in the sector of the Information Technology (IT) related to the information security that is increasing in a very rapid manner and proper precautions should be provided on the preventive measures related to these issues. This can be the biggest loss for any organization to lose their data or not access to personal data and could lead to several delays in the production, supply or many other activities. This report focuses on the risks to the ransomware cyber-attacks to the organization or an individual on how this unwanted incident can cause damage to the assets and their intellectual property. Prevention of these risks are very necessary in order to be safe from such intrusions; this report focuses on some of the measures that could help in fighting back this unwanted situation or preventing them from being started. Personal awareness is also the most important approach towards these risks. Some of futu re trends in ransomware have been explained below. Every individual related to the data and information and using organizations network should be self-responsible about the preventive measures and should play their role with responsibility can be recommended in order to stop from letting such unwanted event and protect organizational assets. Future Trends Per Botnet Payout: there are the possibilities in future that botnets will be pushed out with the ransomware. This means that cybercriminals are hiring junior cybercriminals who are skilled with pushing botnets into the system. This implies that a small hacker would be able to breach into the databases and steal them and it is being named too Ransom as a Service. Public Works and Manufacturing: public works like water treatment facilities can face the intrusion as the hackers may hack the facility system and demand for the money and if not received payment they could start releasing more chlorine to the drinking water supplies. This way they will attack the government and can make ransom in exchange with the security of public. They could manipulate the equipments used for counting, measuring, or any analytical calculation and their formulas of the product ingredients and even there is the possibility of termination of power by them until the organization or government pays the ransom. Dentist and Healthcare Providers: It is already happening at this time but it can evolve and take a more advanced shape. Cybercriminals are educating themselves and trying to get the access with whom an organization or individual is working with and trying to trick them by infecting with virus. By the development of threats cybersecurity is also getting evolved and advanced in which prediction is being made in future the priority of each organization and the individual will be the cloud computing, which can be a better for sure preventive measure. Healthcares, federal agencies and other organizations have started storing data in physical storage devices along with the cloud storage as a backup plan if any ransomware breached their database References: Andre, T. (2017). Cybersecurity an enterprise risk issue.Healthcare Financial Management,71(2), 40-46. Beede, R. (2012).A Framework for Benevolent Computer Worms(Doctoral dissertation, University of Colorado at Boulder). Cabaj, K., Mazurczyk, W. (2016). Using software-defined networking for ransomware mitigation: the case of cryptowall.IEEE Network,30(6), 14-20. Carlin, J. P. (2015). Detect, Disrupt, Deter: A Whole-of-Government Approach to National Security Cyber Threats.Harv. Nat'l Sec. J.,7, 391. Clough, J. (2015).Principles of cybercrime. Cambridge University Press. Cook, R. (2017). Plenary IV: Keynote Speaker: FINRA President and CEO Robert Cook Wednesday, May 17 8: 45 am9: 45 am. Corrigan, K. (2017).Ransomware: A Growing Epidemic for Business(Doctoral dissertation, Utica College). Karaffa, C. (2017).Causation and Impact of Ransomware Infection in Large Organizations(Doctoral dissertation, Utica College). Kharraz, A., Robertson, W., Balzarotti, D., Bilge, L., Kirda, E. (2015, July). Cutting the gordian knot: A look under the hood of ransomware attacks. InInternational Conference on Detection of Intrusions and Malware, and Vulnerability Assessment(pp. 3-24). Springer, Cham. Lipovsky, R. (2014). Eset analyzes first android file-encrypting, tor-enabled ransomware.WeLiveSecurity. Malhotra, Y. (2015). Cybersecurity Cyber-Finance Risk Management: Strategies, Tactics, Operations, , Intelligence: Enterprise Risk Management to Model Risk Management: Understanding Vulnerabilities, Threats, Risk Mitigation (Presentation Slides). Mansfield-Devine, S. (2017). Leaks and ransomsthe key threats to healthcare organisations.Network Security,2017(6), 14-19. MISHRA, R. Strategies: To Defeat Ransomware Attacks. Piggin, R. (2016). Risk in the Fourth Industrial Revolution.ITNOW,58(3), 34-35. Sawler, D. R. (2016).Ransomware: Psychological warfare in the cyber realm(Doctoral dissertation, Utica College). Sittig, D. F., Singh, H. (2016). A socio-technical approach to preventing, mitigating, and recovering from ransomware attacks.Applied clinical informatics,7(2), 624.